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  A In which rust diseases leaf blades, sheath, glumes and awns are infected. A - Brown Rust  B Optimum and maximum temperature for yellow rust infection is..15-20. C -  Mosaic in sugarcane transmitted by........... Virus  Causal organism of downy mildew in mustard .................. Peronospora parasiti Causal organism of grey mould........ Botrytis cineria  SECTION-B  2 A Write the symptom of loose smut and ergot of wheat. A - Loose smut and ergot are two distinct diseases affecting wheat, each caused by different pathogens and exhibiting unique symptoms. ### Loose Smut of Wheat **Pathogen:** *Ustilago tritici* **Symptoms:** 1. **Early Appearance:** Symptoms are noticeable at the time of heading. 2. **Smutty Spikes:** Infected spikes (ears) emerge from the boot earlier than healthy ones. The entire spike, including the grains, is replaced by a black, powdery mass of smut spores. 3. **Powdery Mass:** The black spores are easily dispersed by wind, leaving only the bare rachis (central

  SECTION-A (ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS) 1 A  In which diseases leaf, fruit, stem are infected. .....  Q - Optimum and maximum temperature for powdery mildew in mango infection ....   0°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Mosaic in potato transmitted by............ Potato virus Y (PVY)  The causal organism of downy mildew in mustard is **_Hyaloperonospora parasitica_**..... The causal organism of powdery mildew of mango is the fungus *Oidium mangiferae*. SECTION-B  2 A Write the symptom of citrus canker. Citrus canker, caused by the bacterium *Xanthomonas citri* subsp. *citri*, is a destructive disease affecting citrus trees. Here are the typical symptoms of citrus canker: 1. **Lesions on Leaves:**    - Small, round to oval lesions appear on the leaves.    - Lesions are initially water-soaked and surrounded by a yellow halo.    - As the lesions mature, they become raised, corky, and develop a whitish to tan center with a reddish-brown margin. 2. **Lesions on Fruits:**    - Lesions can also develop on

   Here are the filled blanks for the questions you provided: Causal organism of  powdery mildew of mango :  Oidium mangiferae Causal organism of  leaf spot of rose :  Diplocarpon rosae Causal organism of  rust of wheat :  Puccinia triticina Name of bacterial disease:  Fire blight SECTION-B  A Write the disease symptom of red rot. B Define fungi Fungi are a diverse group of organisms belonging to the kingdom Fungi, which includes about 144,000 known species. They encompass various organisms such as yeasts, mildews, molds, and mushrooms. Fungi are eukaryotic, meaning they have cells with a nucleus enclosed within membranes. They reproduce through spores and often have a rigid cell wall made of chitin. The scientific study of fungi is known as mycology. C Draw the disease cycle of potato. D. Mention the symptoms of black rust Black rust is a plant disease that affects crops like wheat. The symptoms of black rust include: 1. Reddish-brown pustules on the wheat stem that turn black as they