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 Syllabus of Crop Physiology  Syllabus of Fundamentals of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology Unit - 1    Carbohydrates and Lipids :-  Introduction  Historical aspects of Biochemistry  Scope, impact and importance of Biochemistry in plant sciences  Properties of water , PH and Buffers  Carbohydrates Classification   Monosaccharides – Structural aspects  Mutarotation  Reducing and oxidizing properties. Oligosaccharides Functions Polysaccharides functions  Lipids – Importance and classification  Structural and properties of fatty acids  Essential Fatty acids  Storage lipids  Membrane lipids  Function of Lipids  Saponification  Hydrogenation  RM number  Acid value  Unit 2  Amino Acids , Proteins and Enzymes :-  Amino Acids , Structural and Classification  Zwitterions Titration of amino acids  Peptides  Oligopeptides  Acyclic and Cyclic peptides  Proteins – Importance , Classification and Properties  Isoelectric PH  Denaturation  Protein – Structural Organisation  Primary - Secondary –