Syllabus of 1st Semester BSC Agriculture

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 Syllabus of Crop Physiology 




Syllabus of Fundamentals of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Unit - 1   

Carbohydrates and Lipids :- 
Introduction 
Historical aspects of Biochemistry 
Scope, impact and importance of Biochemistry in plant sciences 
Properties of water , PH and Buffers 
Carbohydrates Classification 
 Monosaccharides – Structural aspects 
Mutarotation 
Reducing and oxidizing properties.
Oligosaccharides Functions
Polysaccharides functions 
Lipids – Importance and classification 
Structural and properties of fatty acids 
Essential Fatty acids 
Storage lipids 
Membrane lipids 
Function of Lipids 
Saponification 
Hydrogenation 
RM number 
Acid value 

Unit 2 

Amino Acids , Proteins and Enzymes :- 

Amino Acids , Structural and Classification 
Zwitterions
Titration of amino acids 
Peptides 
Oligopeptides 
Acyclic and Cyclic peptides 
Proteins – Importance , Classification and Properties 
Isoelectric PH 
Denaturation 
Protein – Structural Organisation 
Primary - Secondary – Tertiary and Quaternary structures 
And forces involving in stabilizing proteins, 
Enzymes – General properties and Classification, 
Mechanisms of Action 
Michaelies and Manten and Line Weaver Burk Equation & plots , 
Introduction to allosteric enzymes 

Unit -3 

Nucleic Acid & Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Lipids : 
Nucleic Acid – Importance and Classification 
Structure of nitrogen bases 
Nucleosides 
Nucleotides in RNA and DNA 
Types of RNA 
Scondary and Tertiary of B-DNA and t-RNA 
Metabolism of carbohydrates 
Glycolysis 
Aerobic and anaerobic  
Tricarboxilyic Acid (TCA) cycle, 
Glyoxylate cycle 
Electron transport chain 
Metabolism of Lipids 
Beta oxidation , 

Unit -4 

Micropropogation and recombination DNA methods :- 
Biotechnology – 
Concept & Importance
Application and Scope of plant Biotechnology 
Introduction to plant tissue culture -  
Scientists 
Terminology 
Steps in genral tissue culture 
Types of sterilization and nutrient media 
Types of culture – 
Organ culture 
Embryo culture 
Cell suspension culture 
Callus culture 
Anther culture 
 Pollen Culture 
Ovule culture  
And their application
Micropropogation 
Method – Organogenesis 
Embryogenesis 
Synthetic seed and their significance 
Embryo rescue and its significance 
Somatic Hybridization 
Cybrids 
Somaclonal variation an its use in crop improvement
Cryopreservation 
Introduction to recombinant DNA methods 
Physical (gene gun method) 
Chemical ( OEG mediated)
Agrobacterium DNA methods gene transfer method 
Transgenics and its importance in crop improvement 
PCR techniques and its application 
RFLP 
RAPD 
SSR 
Marker assisted breeding in crop improvement 
Biotechnology regulations 
Biosynthesis of fatty acids 

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